Many material improvements are needed for specific aerospace propulsion applications.  Because the industrial community in extremely risk-averse, the responsibility to achieve significant advancements in this area falls largely to government laboratories.  This presentation will discuss on-going materials research performed at the Air Force Research Laboratory, Rocket Propulsion Division, located at Edwards Air Force Base.  Recent research activities focused on inert materials for solid propulsion applications, including the development of alternative high-temperature thermosetting resins, will be described, as well as specialized applications for use in liquid rocket propulsion.